Abstract

Transformers play a critical role in power systems, facilitating the transmission and distribution of electricity. Understanding the various cause of transformer failure is paramount for ensuring grid reliability and efficiency. Transformer failure rate analysis was executed in this study with the aim of providing insights into optimizing transformer operation, maintenance, and reliability. The research methodology involved collecting data on cause of failure of the transformers within three feeders located in Ifako-Ijaiye community, Nigeria. Statistical analysis was then employed to analyze the collected data to identify patterns and correlations. Furthermore, the transformer failure rate of the affected units examined was between 2021 and 2023. Out of 612 transformer units sampled, 110 failed, resulting in an average failure rate of 17.97%. Feeder A had the highest failure rate of transformers (43.64%), followed by feeder B (40%) and then feeder C(16.36%). Overloading was the leading cause of failures (29.09%), with external short circuits (16.37%) as the next most common cause. Other factors include moisture, loose couplings, thermal stress, flood, and vandalism. The study also assessed the performance of the failed units using key metrics: System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI), System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI), and Average Service Unavailability Index (ASUI). Findings from this study highlights the need for better maintenance, infrastructure upgrades, and proactive measures to prevent transformer breakdown and thus, reduce power outages. Also, the study provides valuable insights that can aid in decision-making processes of utilities, grid operators, and other stakeholders involved in managing electrical infrastructure.

Copyright of the paper named above is hereby assigned and transferred to the Nigerian Journal of Applied Science and Innovative Technology published by College of Engineering, Bells University of Technology, Nigeria.